AUGUST 26
1906
Albert Bruce Sabin (dob) was a Polish-born American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease. Sabin also developed vaccines against other viral diseases, including encephalitis and dengue. In addition, he investigated possible links between viruses and some forms of cancer. Sabin refused to patent his vaccine, waiving every commercial exploitation by pharmaceutical industries, so that the low price would guarantee a more extensive distribution of the treatment. From the development of his vaccine Sabin didn't gain a single dollar, continuing to live on his salary as a professor. Among the many awards he received was the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1986), the National Medal of Science (1970) and was elected to the Polio Hall of Fame (1958). In March 6, 2006, the US Postal Service released a special issue of an 87-cent postage stamp bearing his image, in its Distinguished Americans series.
1938
Adolf Eichmann set up the Vienna office of the Zentralstelle Fuer Juedische Auswanderung, the Central Office for Jewish Emigration. It was established by the Nazis to facilitate to expulsion of Jews from Austria. Their methods were later used as models for the expulsion of European Jewry. Eichmann moved all the Jews of Austria into Vienna and established quotas for the number of Jews who had to emigrate. Then Eichmann made the Jewish community responsible for filling those quotas and for paying for the expulsion themselves. Jews with more money were compelled to pay for Jews who could not finance themselves.
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